煤炭开发建设项目环境影响后评价初步研究

环境影响后评价作为环境影响评价的延伸,是提高环评有效性的有力手段,目前我国环境影响后评价仍处于起步阶段,其理论和实践都具有很强的探索性。煤炭在我国的能源地位突出,但对煤炭开采建设项目的环境影响后评价研究甚少,文章介绍了国内外环境影响后评价的研究进展,并针对煤炭项目,通过识别煤炭开采的环境影响,概述了其评价指标的选取原则、指标体系的构建和评价方法。     

煤炭开发建设项目环境影响后评价初步研究

环境影响后评价作为环境影响评价的延伸,是提高环评有效性的有力手段,目前我国环境影响后评价仍处于起步阶段,其理论和实践都具有很强的探索性。煤炭在我国的能源地位突出,但对煤炭开采建设项目的环境影响后评价研究甚少,文章介绍了国内外环境影响后评价的研究进展,并针对煤炭项目,通过识别煤炭开采的环境影响,概述了其评价指标的选取原则、指标体系的构建和评价方法。     

县级城市人居环境主客观指标体系与评价模型对比研究

本文对人居环境相关研究进行了阐述,并就城市人居环境指标体系与评价模型进行了分析研究。提出了人居环境质量主客观评价结合模型,其中指标体系包括四个一级指标和18个单项指标,并依据我国黄河三角洲高效经济区内14个县级城市2007年的调查统计资料,对人居环境客观建设水平和居民满意度进行了对比评价。运用因子分析法处理指标数据,问卷调查的方法进行满意度评价。评价结果科学可行,并揭示出影响县级城市人居环境的根本因素。     

土地利用总体规划环境影响评价技术方法的研究

从国内外土地利用总体规划环境影响评价的技术方法研究出发,总结了各技术方法的优势和缺点。最后提出了完善土地利用总体规划环境影响技术方法的建议。     

人工湿地在污水处理中的应用及展望

本文综述了人工湿地去除有机物、氮、磷和重金属的影响因素,同时对人工湿地处理污水的前景进行了展望．     

环境信访案件产生原因及对策探讨

以朝阳市为例,分析了环境信访投诉案件产生的主要原因,主要包括城市规划布局不尽合理、环保前置审批制度落实不到位、相关部门执法尚未形成合力等,并针对朝阳市环境信访与投诉案件的形式和特点,提出了将环保工作纳入城市规划全过程、控制源头审批、建立完善信访制度等建议。     

影响总磷的显色实验细节探讨

针对环境样品采用钼酸铵分光光度法测定的总磷中,影响显色的二个因素进行了分析,对加入显色刺后的混合过程对显色结果的影响,以及环境条件的温度对显色的影响进行了研究,对总磷测定时准确度及精密度的提高有着重要的参考价值,是对钼酸铵法测定总磷方法的完善。     

环境外部不经济性内部化手段的评价与筛选

分析环境外部不经济性产生的根本原因,提出环境外部不经济性内在化手段的评价指标,并据此对国内外常环境外部不经济性内化手段作系统评价,评价结果表明,排污收费制度是当前最合理的环境外部不经济性内的在化手段。     

A Water Allocation Decision‐Support Model and Tool for Predictions in Ungauged Basins in Northeast British Columbia,Canada

Pressures on water resources due to changing climate, increasing demands, and enhanced recognition of environmental flow needs result in the need for hydrology information to support informed water allocation decisions. However, the absence of hydrometric measurements and limited access to hydrology information in many areas impairs water allocation decision‐making. This paper describes a water balance‐based modeling approach and an innovative web‐based decision‐support hydrology tool developed to address this need. Using high‐resolution climate, vegetation, and watershed data, a simple gridded water balance model, adjusted to account for locational variability, was developed and calibrated against gauged watersheds, to model mean annual runoff. Mean monthly runoff was modeled empirically, using multivariate regression. The modeled annual runoff results are within 20% of the observed mean annual discharge for 78% of the calibration watersheds, with a mean absolute error of 16%. Modeled monthly runoff corresponds well to observed monthly runoff, with a median Nash–Sutcliffe statistic of 0.92 and a median Spearman rank correlation statistic of 0.98. Monthly and annual flow estimates produced from the model are incorporated into a map‐ and watershed‐based decision‐support system referred to as the Northeast Water Tool, to provide critical information to decision makers and others on natural water supply, existing allocations, and the needs of the environment.     

How local environmental stewardship diversifies democracy

Although recent studies have suggested that environmental participation may be a countertrend to decreasing civic engagement in the United States, there are very few empirical studies that examine these claims. This paper studies participation in local environmental stewardship as such a countertrend. Using data collected from participants in the Watershed Stewards Academies (WSAs) of Maryland, we assess how these organisations are successful in mobilising individuals to be environmentally and civically engaged in their communities. We argue that hybrid organisations like the WSAs represent a countertrend to diminishing rates of civic engagement by offering citizens what a “paper-membership” cannot: the chance to lead their own environmental restoration projects, create tangible change in their communities, and network with other like-minded individuals. These environmental programmes serve to diversify democracy at the local level, providing a unique form of civic engagement and enriching the connections between individual citizens and their civic communities.